https://tunango.top/tags/lvm/Recent content in LVM on 码途手记Hugozh-cnSun, 20 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000https://tunango.top/posts/linux-%E7%A3%81%E7%9B%98%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E6%93%8Dlvm-%E4%B8%8E-fdisk-%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/Sun, 20 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000https://tunango.top/posts/linux-%E7%A3%81%E7%9B%98%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E6%93%8Dlvm-%E4%B8%8E-fdisk-%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/<h2 id="背景">背景</h2> <p>服务器上磁盘空间不够用了，需要扩容。这看似是个简单操作，但如果不熟悉磁盘管理的工具链，很容易出错。这篇文章记录完整的操作流程。</p> <h2 id="查看当前磁盘状态">查看当前磁盘状态</h2> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;-webkit-text-size-adjust:none;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 查看磁盘使用情况</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>df -h </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 查看磁盘分区表</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>fdisk -l </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 查看 LVM 状态</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>vgs <span style="color:#75715e"># 查看卷组</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>lvs <span style="color:#75715e"># 查看逻辑卷</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>pvs <span style="color:#75715e"># 查看物理卷</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="fdisk-分区操作">fdisk 分区操作</h2> <p>新挂载一块 500GB 的数据盘，需要先分区：</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;-webkit-text-size-adjust:none;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>fdisk /dev/sdb </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 交互操作：</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># n - 新建分区</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># p - 主分区</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 1 - 分区号</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 回车 - 使用默认起始扇区</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 回车 - 使用默认结束扇区（整块盘）</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># w - 写入并退出</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 格式化</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 挂载</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>mkdir /data </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>mount /dev/sdb1 /data </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># 写入 fstab 实现开机自动挂载</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>echo <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;/dev/sdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0&#39;</span> &gt;&gt; /etc/fstab </span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="lvm-逻辑卷管理">LVM 逻辑卷管理</h2> <p>LVM 的优势在于可以动态扩缩容，比传统分区灵活得多。</p>